Article
Strategic fleet size planning for maritime refrigerated containers
In the present economic climate, it is often the case that pro®ts can only be improved, or for that matter maintained, by improving e ciency and cutting costs. This is particularly notorious in the shipping business, where it has been seen that the competition is getting tougher among carriers, thus alliances and partnerships are resulting for cost eVective services in recent years. In this scenario, eVective planning methods are important not only for strategic but also operating tasks, covering their entire transportation systems. Container street size
planning is an important part of the strategy of any shipping line. This paper addresses the problem of ¯eet size planning for refrigerated containers, to achieve cost-eVective services in a competitive maritime shipping market. An analytical model is ®rst discussed to determine the optimal size of an own dry container ¯eet. Then, this is extended for an own refrigerated container ¯eet, which is the case when an extremely unbalanced trade represents one of the major investment decisions to be taken by liner operators. Next, a simulation model is developed for ¯eet sizing in a more practical situation and, by using this, various scenarios are analysed to determine the most convenient composition of refrigerated ¯eet between own and leased containers for the transpaci®c cargo trade.
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