Article
A mixed-regime model for dry bulk freight market
This paper constructs a mixed-regime model for dry bulk freight market. Then it performs maximum likelihood estimation and provides the results. Inter alia, the hypothesis that there is bimodality in the supply curve of shipping freight markets is strongly supported by analyzing the effect of the term structure of time-charter rates on the time-varying volatility. Furthermore, the adjustment speed of 1-year time-charter rate in lowvolatility regime is larger than in high-volatility regime, which means the market players consider the backwardation shock in low uncertainty as more important than in high uncertainty. Especially the Cape-size markets respond positively to the back-wardation shock in low-volatility regime but respond negatively in high-volatility regime. Finally, the estimated time-varying variance using real-time data has a highly statistically significant relation with the next squared error terms.
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