Article
Domestic containerization and the load centre concept
Containerization has been seen as primarily a maritime technology. The progression of container shipping services in the 1970s and early 1980s led to a restructuring of port systems around the world. Within the past several years, however, the most significant innovations in containerization in North America have occurred inland. Not only has there been an important geographical shift in the movement of maritime containers between inland destinations and ports, but the 'boxes' themselves are beginning to replace other cargo systems in domestic traffic. This paper describes the evolving patterns of domestic container flows in North America. It discusses the maior constraints being faced by the developing systems, particularly those that impede the realization of SU.D. DOS~~'~seVa mless' intermodal networks. The fundamental differences between Canadian and US operations are outlined. The paper concludes by discussing some of the potential impacts of these developments on ports and the load centre concept.