Article
Capital owners, entrepreneurs and managers: a Marshallian scheme
Abstract
Purpose – The reader of Alfred Marshall writings confronts a variety of businessmen portraits that coexist along his epoch. The purpose of this paper is to describe Marshall’s understanding of the
capitalist-owner concept, the way in which access to capital determined the emerging role played by entrepreneurs, the differences between entrepreneurs and managers in order to expose the
characteristics that defined managerial activities. Design/methodology/approach – A chronological review of Marshall writings revealed that the evolution of his ideas about entrepreneurship is associated to the role played by businessmen as capital owner, risk bearer, innovator, or administrator. Findings – Marshall’s analysis is useful to explain: the problem that arises in the firm when property (capital owner) and control (manager) are separated (the principal-agent relationship); why directors of today’s firms are required to embody qualities as administrators (passive superintendents) and innovators (active entrepreneurs); and how to sort out the conflict that occurs in many family firms when the founder (entrepreneur) is unable to cope with the managerial complexities associated to growth (the Marshallian “cycle life” of business and entrepreneurs).