If international container ports are to gain a proper appreciation of their various advantages, disadvantages and potential opportunities in a globally competitive environment, it is essential that they conduct effective evaluation of their operational performance. The present study applies five models of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to acquire a variety of complementary information about th…
This paper proposes an integrated set of 4Cs indices, namely, centrality index, competition index, congestion index and concentration index to examine network effects in the East Asia container port industry. Empirical analysis confirms that larger ports enjoy greater direct network effects related to economies of scale, whereas, smaller ports leverage on indirect network effects to widen their…
This paper seeks to develop a multi-commodity network model to analyse the flow of containers within the Asia Pacific context. The model is used to evaluate the impact of container throughput in Asia’s port by varying terminal handling charges and turnaround time. The three main regions analysed are north-east Asia, east Asia (Chinese port region) and south east Asia. Using the model, it coul…
The paper outlines the results of research aimed at developing an efficient simulation modelling capability for seaports and inland freight terminals. By providing the domain-oriented process of simulation modelling with a uniform and coherent methodological basis and integrating it with artificial intelligence concepts, it was possible to construct a powerful tool-TRANSNODE. This is a decision…
Major changes are occurring in the logistics of container shipping including growth in demands, increased ship size and development of new ports and routes to serve the US market. The Panama Canal is in the process of being expanded and potential exists for shipping through the Northwest Passage in addition to new ports being developed on the West Coasts of Canada and Mexico. All these alternat…
In recent years, an increase in the size of the container ships could be observed. The question is how these larger ships will influence the total generalised costs from a port of loading to a destination in the European hinterland. The second question is whether a scale increase of the container ships on other loops, such as a loop from the United States to Europe, has the same impact on the g…
Panama has five main ports: Balboa and PSA Panama International on the Pacific, and Cristo´ bal, Manzanillo and Colon Container Terminal (CCT) on the Caribbean side. The government of Panama originally operated the ports of Balboa and Cristo´ bal. After being transferred from the United States government, most of these ports were privatized in the late 1990s. During this period, some por…
In container port performance evaluation, a group of ports in one country is always significantly different from a group of ports in another country. This is noticed as the heterogeneity of port performance. It is therefore necessary to further investigate the impact of the different groups on efficiency evaluation of ports. The cross-evaluation method is a DEA extension tool to identify best p…
My article in the June 1996 issue of this journal considered the relocation of container handling facilities for the largest deep-sea vessels from upstream urban ports to downstream terminals at coastal locations [I]. It was argued in the article that two upstream urban ports (Antwerp and Hamburg) have been unable to relocate their mainport function due principally to territorial (and hence pol…
In this paper a two-stage Data Envelopment Approach is used to assess the relative efficiency of container shipping agents operating at Spanish ports, and studying the factors influencing it. In the first stage, an input-oriented, Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) model is used to compute efficiency scores of the different shipping agents. The model considers labor as input, and numbers of loaded…
The research focuses on the impact of the shipping strategy to decrease the commercial speed of container vessels, in order to reduce the bunker costs, on current service patterns. In this regard, the study also hypothesizes potential development trends in the near future. The reduction of the commercial speed, commonly referred to as “slow steaming,” has been introduced to mitigate the neg…
This paper focuses on the response of port authorities to the changing market environment in which they operate. It documents the changes taking place in the relationships between port authorities and terminal management companies and considers the strategic issues faced by these groups and other port interests. In particular, it investigates the potential con¯ icts of interest for a port auth…
Although containerization in Third World Asian ports may not conform to the 'usual' model of containerization in developed countries the region represents a significant generator of container tonnage. Moreover, despite considerable intraregional differences in throughput productivities, some of the ports are achieving efficienciesa nd productivities markedly higher than those in well establishe…
A world that shrinks with progressive improvements in transportation andcommunications is a fact of 20th century life. The shrinking process can produce new patterns and perceptions of strategic location. In this paper we are looking specifically at nodes in transportation systems. In the light of transportation progress, we re-consider some of the time-worn ideas about centrality, accessibilit…
Container ports in Southeast Asia accounted for an estimated 30.0% of the world’s transhipment traffic in 2004. The share of the region’s transhipment trade was forecasted to increase to 32.5% in 2015. The potential offered by this large and expanding market encouraged major container terminal operators located in Port Klang, Singapore and Tanjung Pelepas to compete intensively for this bus…
This paper discusses the performance of Canadian container ports in the 1980s, with emphasis on the big three: Halifax, Montreal and Vancouver. The paper compares the performance of these ports as measured by the number of TEUs handled, first at a global scale and then at the regional levels of East Coast North America and West Coast North America. However, past performance provides only half t…
This paper models the seaport system with the objective of determining the optimal storage strategy for various container-handling schedules. A container location model (CLM) is developed, with an objective function designed to minimise the turn around time of container ships, and solved using genetic algorithm (GA). The results section presents an analyses of di!erent resource levels and a com…
This article is concerned with an analytical summary of how the Japanese container ports have been taking place overcapacity problem in a systematic way. It focuses on institutional aspects of the overcapacity problem from the viewpoint of accounting cost and opportunity cost. The ®rst issue arises due to the port authority’s accounting system and insu cient disclosures of ®nancial statem…
The purpose of this study is to introduce a new innovative means of container stacking/ storage as a potential solution for overcoming the lack of container yard space.
seaports has broad implications for the development prospects of the global economy. However, the picture is very uncertain because t he impacts of climate change will be felt very differently around the world, both positively and negatively. This book addresses the need for quality theoretical analysis, highly innovative assessment methodologies and insightful empirical global experiences so a…
This paper addresses the remarkable institutional and economic changes in the Brazilian seaport system in the past 25 years. Port throughput has increased substantially following the growth in foreign trade and the institutional framework had remarkable changes, but it is still required to enhance private investment infrastructure by a clearer regulation and transport integration improvement. F…
Latvian ports are being developed as elements of a united transport logistics chain connecting the Baltic and other EU states, CIS states, Asia and America – they facilitate not only economic development of seaports and whole regions, but also the existence and development of fishery sector, wherewith the role of ports both in Latvia and in the EU continually increases. Technologically well-p…
The 2008 credit crunch and the subsequent economic crisis ended a period that lasted over two decades wherein international seaports around the globe experienced double-digit volume increases. This chapter provides an analysis of the structural effects that the crisis has on seaports, focusing mostly on developments in Europe. It does so via an examination of (a) the crisis implication for each…
Reports a study of a Canary Island “internal labour market” (a transnational cigarette manufacturer) analysing its promotion ladders and ports of entry. Results reflect the importance an employee attaches to years of service in a firm and describes the general characteristics of the internal components of the internal labour market.
Large, urban ports are under pressure from a variety of stakeholders to integrate nontrade objectives into the planning and management of their harbors. The Port of Vancouver was criticized in the late 1980s for its insensitivity to local interests. Since that time, the Vancouver Port Corporation has developed a leading-edge landuse plan. Such plans are now required of Canadian port authorities…
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the extant literature about the exploitation of Internet of Things (IoT) in seaports by illustrating in detail how such IT infrastructures can impact on the redesign of their business processes. Thus, the research question of the study is: how do IoT technologies redesign the business processes of seaports?
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how a stakeholder approach based on a case-study research was used to define a method to be applied across the Portuguese seaport administrations (SA) in order to justify the tariffs to be charged for a variety of services provided by these entities. Design/methodology/approach – The study involved both the Portuguese maritime transport regulator (IP…
Seaports have gained importance in recent years, but they have also featured fundamental changes. For example, societal and environmental pressures have increased. As a consequence of these pressures, corporate social responsibility has gradually been introduced also in the ports sector. One of the impacts is at the level and type of innovation. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the way …
In this paper, we compare the seaport efficiency of two European countries, Greece and Portugal, using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The international benchmarking procedure is implemented, in which the seaports in each country are compared against each other. The broader aim of this study is to seek out those best practices that will lead to improved performance in the context of European s…
Perhaps the most critical issue facing seaports is their survival and growth in today’s highly competitive environment. Seaports are facing challenging times as the once monopolistic position of having captive markets diminishes. This situation is being replaced by growing sections of the hinterland now being considered by competing seaports as being contestable. In effect, for many business …
This paper adopts a qualitative methodology to assess the Malaysian container seaport-hinterland connectivity from the perspective of its physical properties. The findings reveal that although Malaysia’s major container seaports are connected to the hinterlands through road and rail transport, they are highly dependent on road. These seaports are also connected to inland freight facilities su…
Seaports are very critical in international trade, as they provide linkages between international and domestic production and distribution networks. Rapid economic growth in India demanding quality logistical services, implying that seaports, often characterized by inefficiency, would play pivotal roles. The National Maritime Development Program executed between 2005 and 2010 has significant im…
This paper examines the spatial and institutional characteristics of inland port development in Latin America, through an analysis of a detailed case study of the port of Veracruz inMexico. It explores the spatial distribution of seaports and inland ports aswell as the issues of customs clearance, rail regulation, cargo security and land acquisition, before discussing conflicting models of deve…
This paper analyses the competitiveness of the Lower Mississippi seaport from a cluster perspective, discussing the importance of local governance and collective action regimes for the competitiveness of the cluster. The case study of the Lower Mississippi port cluster shows that collective action regimes are relatively poorly developed in this cluster, compared with the seaport cluster of Rott…
Seaport operations are characterised by high levels of uncertainty, as a result their risk evaluation is a very challenging task. Much of the available data associated with the system’s operations is uncertain and ambiguous, requiring a flexible yet robust approach of handling both quantitative and qualitative data as well as a means of updating existing information as new data becomes availa…
In the maritime transport industry, a terminal concessi on often specifies the competition conditions during the concession period. This study proposes a game model with which the effects of competition for seaport terminal awards can be studied. The modeling results suggest that (a) a terminal operator always prefers to control more terminals in the region; (b) i fall terminal operators expa…
Corporate social responsibility implies more attention to company relationships with governments and other stakeholders. The need for intensive interaction is most conspicuous when company activities come close to the provision of (former) public goods, which also have strong environmental and social implications. This article examines how ports deal with environmental issues in their strategie…
In this chapter, a Strategic positioning analysis (SPA) is developed as a specific analytical approach consisting of a product portfolio analysis, a shift-share analysis and a diversification analysis. The SPA describes the performance of ports and traffic categories within ports in terms of market share, growth rate, diversification and value added. The SPA needs to be used taking into account…
The global economic structure, with its decentralized production and the consequent increase in freight traffic all over the world, creates considerable problems and challenges for the freight transport sector. This situation has led shipping to become the most suitable and cheapest way to transport goods. Thus, ports are configured as nodes with critical importance in the logistics supply chai…
The selection of optimal dry ports construction projects is a process of multi-objective decision making. This paper lists 6 important factors that have influence on dry ports location selection in China according to references: transportation, economic level, infrastructure facilities, trade level, political environmen, cost. And based on these, the paper combines two optimal selection model o…
Major North American container ports were surveyed for their opinions of capacity concerns in consideration of rapidly rising container volumes. The results indicate several areas of concern. For one, the ports expect capacity issues to worsen in the next ten years, implying current congestion problems will also deteriorate. The ports are also highly concerned about a consider able number o…