Here, we test the hypothesis that commodities at their peak valuation are transported by air, while those at their inception and maturity are shipped by sea, as well as the theory that shippers choose air to transport high-valued commodities. We empirically investigated how the product lifecycle of commodities is reflected by shippers’ choices of air over seaborne transportation. We also assu…
Logistics has a profound effect on a product′s life cycle. Examines each of the nine elements of logistics: logistics engineering, technical publications, personnel technical training, spare/repair parts provisioning, maintainability, relability, finance, test equipment and facilities. Suggests that each element has a distinct responsibility to the product and each contributes to the work of …