Ranging from the rapid increase in international trade and the adoption of containers in most cargo transportation in the 1950s, to the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s and, more recently, the downturn due to the global financial crisis in 2008, there are few doubts that the world’s economy has experienced fundamental changes in the past half century. Many of these changes not only were…
Because of an increase in population, the demand for coal has drastically risen with millions of tons of coal being imported annually through Indian ports. To accommodate with this rise in demand, there has been an increase in the concern over proper ship scheduling and effective stockyard management. This article focuses on these aspects, as well as train scheduling, in the context of coal imp…