This paper investigates selection of crew nationality pattern strategy. Manning task is one of the most reported problems in shipping business. Increasing life quality of countries influences popularity of on board employments and its cost has crucial share in total terms. Although many shipping firms have preferred domestic crew, because of excess crew costs and some other reasons, multination…
The aim of this paper is to investigate the relation between marine casualty and dry bulk cargo freight rate according to the existence of spurious accident phenomenon in the dry cargo vessel accidents. According to the conventional expectation, the volume of marine accidents is a random process since it is accidently occurred and not a man-made outcome. Under this circumstance, it is expected …