We witnessed significant technological changes in shipping, including the development of jet aircraft engines and the use of containerization in ocean shipping. In the maritime industry, more than 90 percent of international cargo moves through seaports, and 80 percent of seaborne cargo moves in containers. This shows that the importance of seaborne trade, in particular, trade by containers. Th…
Many countries seek to become a global logistics center linking major trading ports. They are competitively constructing container ports. The aggressive competition creates overcapacity situation in the container port sector. Massive investments are required to construct container ports with terminals, docks, storage areas and hinterlands. Nevertheless, it is not easy for container ports to hav…